QUESTÃO 4

Which option completes the text below correctly?
There are cells in the retina of our eye that \qquad directly with the brain’s biological clock regulators located in the hypothalamus and this pathway is most affected by light. These neurons \qquad to be most affected by light waves from the blue spectrum or blue light. This is the kind of light most prominent in electronic lights from computers and smartphones. This \qquad a modern challenge that can adversely affect our natural sleep-wake cycle.
Additional factors that can hamper sleep \qquad pain conditions, medications for other conditions, and the increased demands and connectedness of modern society.

(Adapted from http://theconversation.com)

(A) communicate / have been found / has become / include
(B) communicates / had been found / had become / includes
(C) communicates / has been found / has become / includes
(D) communicate / had been found / had become / includes
(E) communicates / has been found / has become / include

Passo 1

O enunciado pede para preencher quatro lacunas no texto com formas verbais e concordância adequadas, identificando tempo verbal (e.g. present simple, present perfect) e número (singular/plural).

Passo 2

Para a primeira lacuna, o sujeito é “cells” (plural), então o verbo “communicate” deve estar no present simple plural:
communicate

Passo 3

Na segunda lacuna, descreve-se uma descoberta recente (present perfect passive) sobre “these neurons”, então usamos “have been found” em vez de “had been found”.

Passo 4

A terceira lacuna começa com “This” (singular) referindo-se ao problema moderno, e EUA indicam mudança até o presente, então usamos present perfect “has become”.

Passo 5

Na quarta lacuna, o sujeito é “Additional factors” (plural), portanto o verbo no present simple plural é “include”.

Resposta

(A)

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